@proceedings {9999, title = {Impacts of the Use of Machine Learning on Work Design}, year = {2020}, month = {11/2020}, publisher = {ACM}, address = {Virtual Event, NSW, Australia}, abstract = {

The increased pervasiveness of technological advancements in automation makes it urgent to address the question of how work is changing in response. Focusing on applications of machine learning (ML) to automate information tasks, we draw on a simple framework for identifying the impacts of an automated system on a task that suggests 3 patterns for the use of ML{\textemdash}decision support, blended decision making and complete automation. In this paper, we extend this framework by considering how automation of one task might have implications for interdependent tasks and how automation applies to coordination mechanisms.

}, keywords = {artificial intelligence, automation, Coordination, machine learning, work design}, isbn = {978-1-4503-8054-6/20/11}, doi = {10.1145/3406499.3415070}, attachments = {https://crowston.syr.edu/sites/crowston.syr.edu/files/Impacts_of_ML_for_HAI_2020.pdf}, author = {Kevin Crowston and Bolici, Francesco} } @proceedings {9999, title = {Coordination in OSS 2.0: ANT Approach}, year = {2019}, abstract = {

Open source software projects are increasingly driven by a combination of independent and professional developers, the former volunteers and the later hired by a company to contribute to the project to support commercial product development. This mix of developers has been referred to as OSS 2.0. However, we do not fully understand the multi-layered coordination spanning individuals, teams, and organizations. Using Actor-Network Theory (ANT), we describe how coordination and power dynamics unfold among developers and how different tools and artifacts both display activities and mediate coordination efforts. Internal communication within an organization was reported to cause broken links in the community, duplication of work, and political tensions. ANT shows how tools and code can exercise agency and alter a software development process as an equivalently active actor of the scene. We discuss the theoretical and practical implications of the changing nature of open source software development.

}, keywords = {actor-network theory, free/libre open source, Stigmergy}, doi = {10.24251/HICSS.2019.120}, url = { http://hdl.handle.net/10125/59538}, attachments = {https://crowston.syr.edu/sites/crowston.syr.edu/files/hicss52a-sub2136-cam-i8-2.pdf}, author = {Sangseok You and Kevin Crowston and Jeffery Saltz and Yatish Hegde} } @proceedings {9999, title = {Impacts of machine learning on work}, year = {2019}, address = {Wailea, HI}, abstract = {

The increased pervasiveness of technological advancements in automation makes it urgent to address the question of how work is changing in response. Focusing on applications of machine learning (ML) that automate information tasks, we present a simple framework for identifying the impacts of an automated system on a task. From an analysis of popular press articles about ML, we develop 3 patterns for the use of ML--decision support, blended decision making and complete automation--with implications for the kinds of tasks and systems. We further consider how automation of one task might have implications for other interdependent tasks. Our main conclusion is that designers have a range of options for systems and that automation of tasks is not the same as automation of work.

}, keywords = {artificial intelligence, automation, machine learning, work design}, doi = {10.24251/HICSS.2019.719}, url = { http://hdl.handle.net/10125/60031}, attachments = {https://crowston.syr.edu/sites/crowston.syr.edu/files/Impacts_of_machine_learning_on_work__revision_.pdf}, author = {Kevin Crowston and Bolici, Francesco} } @article {9999, title = {Core-periphery communication and the success of free/libre open source software projects}, journal = {Journal of Internet Services and Applications}, volume = {8}, year = {2017}, abstract = {We examine the relationship between communications by core and peripheral members and Free/Libre Open Source Software project success. The study uses data from 74 projects in the Apache Software Foundation Incubator. We conceptualize project success in terms of success building a community, as assessed by graduation from the Incubator. We compare successful and unsuccessful projects on volume of communication and on use of inclusive pronouns as an indication of efforts to create intimacy among team members. An innovation of the paper is that use of inclusive pronouns is measured using natural language processing techniques. We also compare the volume and content of communication produced by core (committer) and peripheral members and by those peripheral members who are later elected to be core members. We find that volume of communication is related to project success but use of inclusive pronouns does not distinguish successful projects. Core members exhibit more contribution and use of inclusive pronouns than peripheral members. }, keywords = {Apache Software Foundation, communication, core and periphery, free/libre open source software (FLOSS), inclusive pronouns, natural language processing, project success}, doi = {10.1186/s13174-017-0061-4}, url = {http://rdcu.be/uguP}, attachments = {https://crowston.syr.edu/sites/crowston.syr.edu/files/170707\%20JISA\%20final.pdf}, author = {Kevin Crowston and Shamshurin, Ivan} }